The Effect of Climate Change on Chickens

Abstract

Climate change has significant effects on poultry, just as it does on all living beings. Rising temperatures, changing precipitation patterns and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events negatively effects the health, productivity, and welfare of chickens. High temperatures induce heat stress in poultry, reducing feed consumption and growth rates while leading to a decrease in egg production. The weakening of the immune system increases their susceptibility to diseases. Climate change also affects the spread of pathogens and parasites, further raising disease risks.

The rise in temperatures and the decrease in rainfall contribute to water scarcity and a decline in feed crop production, leading to higher feed costs, which constitute a major portion of poultry production expenses and economic losses.

To mitigate these negative effects, developing and breeding heat-resistant chicken hybrids will be crucial in reducing the physiological impacts of high temperatures. Poultry farmers must also enhance the use of ventilation and cooling systems in their henhouses to combat heat stress. Additionally, the cultivation of climate-resilient feed crops and the efficient management of water resources are essential for the sector's sustainability.

Consequently, developing adaptation strategies based on scientific research and strengthening collaboration between producers and government policy makers are critical for the future of the poultry industry.